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SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONE
Fact Sheet on Special Economic
Zones
| Number of Formal approvals |
585 |
| Number of Notified SEZs (as on 5 October 2011) |
381 (out of 585)+(7 Central Government+12 State/Private SEZs) |
| No. of Valid In-Principle Approvals |
39 |
| Operational SEZs (as on 30th June 2011) |
143 (Break up: 17 are multi product SEZs, remaining are IT/ITES, engineering, electronic hardware, textiles, biotechnology, gem & jewellery and other sector specific SEZs) |
| Units approved in SEZs (as on 30th June 2011) |
3,245 |
| Land for SEZs |
Notified SEZs |
Formally Approved (FA) including notified SEZs |
| 45,897 Hectare |
67,066 Hectare |
| Land is a state subject. Land for SEZs is procured as per the policy and procedures of the respective State Government. |
Investment (as on 30th June 2011) |
Incremental Investment |
Total Investment |
SEZs Notified under the Act |
US$
37.42 billion |
US$
37.42 billion |
State/Pvt. SEZs set up before 2006 |
US$
1.16 billion |
US$
1.49 billion |
Central Government SEZs |
US$
1.59 billion |
US$
2.03 billion |
Total |
US$
40.18 billion |
US$
40.94 billion |
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Employment
(as on 30th June 2011) |
Incremental Employment |
Total Employment |
SEZs Notified under the Act |
4,33,876 persons |
4,33,876 persons |
State/Pvt. SEZs set up before 2006 |
54,718 persons |
67,186 persons |
Central Government SEZs |
91,114 persons |
2,13,350persons |
Total |
5,79,708 persons |
7,14,412 persons |
Source: Special Economic Zoness
in India,Ministry of Commerce & Industry,Department
of Commerce
Export Performance of SEZs
Exports from SEZs in 2010-2011 |
| |
2010-11 |
| Central Govt SEZs |
10.27 |
| State Govt/pvt. SEZs established prior to SEZ Act, 2005 |
12.71 |
| SEZs notified under SEZ Act, 2005 |
37.69 |
| Total |
60.70 |
Source:Special Economic Zoness in India,Ministry of Commerce & Industry,Department of Commerce
SEZs: An Overview
The Government of India announced the introduction
of Special Economic Zones in April 2000 to achieve
the following objectives:
- Generation of additional
economic activity
- promotion of exports of
goods and services
- Promotion of investment
from domestic and foreigh sources
- Creation of employment opportunities
- Development of infrastructure
facilities
Special
Economic Zone (SEZ) is defined as "a specifically
delineated duty free enclave and shall be deemed
to be foreign territory for the purposes of trade
operations and duties and tariffs". SEZs
are an acknowledgement of the potential of export-led
development strategy in accelerating economic
growth.
The Indian SEZ policy provides
for the development of these zones in the Government,
private or joint sector. This offers equal opportunity
to both Indian and international private developers.
Units may be set up in SEZ for manufacture of
goods and rendering of services. The units in
the zone have to be net foreign exchange earners
but they shall not be subjected to any pre-determined
value addition or minimum export performance requirements.
The Government has converted eight
Export Processing Zones located at Kandla and
Surat (Gujarat), Cochin (Kerala), Santa Cruz (Mumbai-Maharashtra),
Falta (West Bengal), Madras (Tamil Nadu), Visakhapatnam
(Andhra Pradesh) and Noida (Uttar Pradesh) into
Special Economic Zones and all are functional
now. In addition, 3 new Special Economic Zones
approved for establishment at Indore (Madhya Pradesh),
Manikanchan - Salt Lake (Kolkata) and Jaipur have
since commended operations.
Administrative
Set Up
The functioning of the SEZs is governed by a three tier administrative set up. The Board of Approval is the apex body and is headed by the Secretary, Department of Commerce. The Approval Committee at the Zone level deals with approval of units in the SEZs and other related issues. Each Zone is headed by a Development Commissioner, who is ex-officio chairperson of the Approval Committee.
Once an SEZ has been approved by the Board of Approval and Central Government has notified the area of the SEZ, units are allowed to be set up in the SEZ. All the proposals for setting up of units in the SEZ are approved at the Zone level by the Approval Committee consisting of Development Commissioner, Customs Authorities and representatives of State Government. All post approval clearances including grant of importer-exporter code number, change in the name of the company or implementing agency, broad banding diversification, etc. are given at the Zone level by the Development Commissioner. The performance of the SEZ units is periodically monitored by the Approval Committee and units are liable for penal action under the provision of Foreign Trade (Development and Regulation) Act, in case of violation of the conditions of the approval.
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